1. Structure of the Indian Financial System
- Central Banking Authority: Explores the role of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) as the apex monetary institution.
- Commercial Banking: Examines public sector, private sector, and foreign banks operating within the country.
- Cooperative & Rural Banks: Details regional rural banks (RRBs) and cooperative credit institutions supporting agriculture.
- Development Financial Institutions: Outlines the functions of specialized bodies like SIDBI, NABARD, and EXIM Bank.
2. Core Functions of Commercial Banks
- Mobility of Deposits: Analyzes the features of current, savings, fixed, and recurring deposit accounts.
- Credit Deployment: Covers lending mechanisms such as cash credit, overdrafts, term loans, and bill discounting.
- Agency & Utility Services: Details supplementary functions like fund transfers, locker facilities, and bancassurance.
3. Credit Management and Risk Assessment
- Principles of Lending: Focuses on the core tenets of safety, liquidity, profitability, and diversity in deployment.
- Asset Classification: Explains the categorization of bank assets into standard, sub-standard, doubtful, and loss assets.
- Non-Performing Assets (NPAs): Identifies the root causes, operational impacts, and provisioning norms for bad loans.
- Recovery Frameworks: Discusses legal recovery mechanisms including Lok Adalats, DRTs, and the SARFAESI Act.
4. Regulatory and Prudential Norms
- Liquidity Ratios: Studies the implementation and impacts of the Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR) and Statutory Liquidity Ratio (SLR).
- Capital Adequacy: Breaks down the implementation of Basel I, II, and III accords to safeguard financial stability.
- KYC and AML: Examines Know Your Customer frameworks and Anti-Money Laundering protocols designed to prevent fraud.
5. Modern Banking Technology
- Core Banking Solutions: Looks at centralized data networks (CBS) that enable real-time, branchless banking operations.
- Digital Payment Systems: Reviews the underlying architecture of NEFT, RTGS, IMPS, and the Unified Payments Interface (UPI).
- Electronic Channels: Outlines security, convenience, and mechanics of internet banking, mobile banking, and ATMs.
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