Part 1: Geotectonics (ভূ-গঠন)
- Earth’s Interior (পৃথিবীর অভ্যন্তরভাগ): Core, mantle, crust dynamics, and the analysis of lithospheric composition using seismological data.
- Isostasy (সমস্থিতি তত্ত্ব): Balance of the Earth’s crust, focusing heavily on the competing historical models of Airy and Pratt.
- Continental Drift & Plate Tectonics (মহাদেশীয় সঞ্চরণ ও পাত সংস্থান তত্ত্ব): Alfred Wegener’s continental displacement, seafloor spreading, tectonic plate boundaries (convergent, divergent, transform), and mountain-building mechanisms.
- Geological Time Scale (ভূতাত্ত্বিক সময়পঞ্জী): Subdivision of Earth’s history into Eras, Periods, and Epochs based on structural evolution and fossil footprints.
Part 2: Geomorphology (ভূমিরূপবিদ্যা)
- Geomorphic Endogenic Processes (অভ্যন্তরীণ প্রক্রিয়া): Tectonic forces originating deep below, driving folding (ভাজ), faulting (চুতি), vulcanicity (অগ্ন্যুৎপাত), and devastating earthquakes.
- Exogenic Processes & Weathering (বহির্জাত প্রক্রিয়া ও আবহবিকার): Gradational surface forces such as physical, chemical, and biological degradation breaking down bedrock.
- Cycle of Erosion (ক্ষয়চক্র): The evolution of topography over geological time, highlighting William Morris Davis’s Fluvial Cycle of Erosion (Youth, Maturity, and Old Age stages resulting in a peneplain) alongside Walther Penck’s critique.
- Drainage Systems & Landform Development (নদী অববাহিকা ও ভূমিরূপ): Detailed landscape features sculpted by different natural agents:
- Fluvial (নদীজাত): River valleys, gorges, waterfalls, floodplains, and deltaic complexes.
- Aeolian (বায়ুপ্রবাহজনিত): Wind-swept features, sand dunes, and rock arches (similar to the Delicate Arch depicted on the cover).
- Glacial & Karst (হিমবাহ ও কার্স্ট ভূমিরূপ): Landscapes molded by massive ice moving downhill or groundwaters chemically eroding limestone layers.
- River Rejuvenation (নদীর পুনর্যৌবন লাভ): Processes triggering a renewal of downward river cutting, creating landscape anomalies like nick-points, river terraces, and incised meanders.
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