1. Clinical Pathology & Biochemistry
- Urinalysis: Physical, chemical, and microscopic examination of urine; detection of proteins, glucose, ketone bodies, and bile pigments.
- Body Fluid Analysis: Examination of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), pleural, peritoneal, and synovial fluids.
- Fecal Examination: Stool microscopy for parasites, ova, cysts, and occult blood testing.
2. Clinical Haematology
- Blood Collection & Anticoagulants: Standard techniques and safety protocols.
- Basic Hematological Tests: Estimation of hemoglobin, Total Leukocyte Count (TLC), Differential Leukocyte Count (DLC), and Red Blood Cell (RBC) indices.
- Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR): Packed cell volume (PCV) and standard ESR determination methods.
- Hemostasis & Blood Grouping: Bleeding time (BT), clotting time (CT), and ABO/Rh blood grouping systems.
3. Histopathological Techniques
- Tissue Processing: Complete breakdown of tissue fixation, dehydration, clearing, embedding, sectioning, and mounting.
- Routine Staining: Principles and performance of routine Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining.
- Special Stains: Introduction to special stains used to identify specific tissue elements (e.g., PAS, Reticulin, and Acid-Fast stains).
4. Cytopathology & FNAC
- Exfoliative Cytology: Sample processing for cervical smears (Pap smear) and sputum analysis.
- Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC): Clinical utility, technique, smear preparation, and diagnostic applications.
5. Macroscopic (Gross) and Microscopic Pathology
- General Pathology Principles: Cellular injury, inflammation, thrombosis, and neoplasia examined via gross specimens and slides.
- Systemic Pathology: Organ-by-organ breakdown (Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Gastrointestinal, Hepatic, Renal, etc.) evaluating tumor margins, structural anomalies, and inflammatory conditions.
6. Autopsy Procedures
- Autopsy Protocol: Principles of performing a clinical autopsy.
- Organ Assessment: Guidelines for weight, extraction, and documentation of diseased organs post-mortem.
Reviews
There are no reviews yet.