Key Topic Details Included in the Syllabus:-
The content inside this text is sequentially structured around major physiological systems with a special emphasis on clinical dental relevance:
- General & Cell Physiology: Basic concepts of functional systems, membrane transport mechanisms, and resting membrane potentials.
- Blood and Immune System: Composition of blood, plasma proteins, erythropoiesis, hemoglobin properties, blood groups, and immune mechanisms.
- Nerve and Muscle Physiology: Structure and function of nerve cells, neuromuscular junction transmission, and mechanism of skeletal muscle contraction.
- Cardiovascular System (CVS): Properties of cardiac muscle, cardiac cycle, regulation of heart rate, blood pressure, and microcirculation.
- Respiratory System: Mechanics of breathing, pulmonary ventilation, gas transport (O₂ and CO₂), and neural or chemical regulation of breathing.
- Gastrointestinal System (GIT) & Metabolism: Digestion and absorption processes, salivary secretion (crucial for dental care), mastication, deglutition, and liver functions.
- Renal Physiology / Excretory System: Nephron function, mechanism of urine formation, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and micturition.
- Endocrine System: Functions of major glands (Pituitary, Thyroid, Parathyroid, Adrenal, Pancreas) and calcium homeostasis (relevant to tooth structure).
- Reproductive System: Male and female reproductive physiology and hormonal regulations.
- Central Nervous System & Special Senses: Synaptic transmission, sensory and motor pathways, reflexes, pain pathways (vital for dental anesthesia), vision, hearing, taste, and smell.
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